Home Value Trail

Clay County home price history and building permits

South DakotaVermillion, SD micropolitan area15,031 residents (2025 estimate)

  • FHFA annual index 1992 to 2025
  • Developmental index
  • Release of
  • Permits through August 2026

The FHFA annual house price index for Clay County increased by 80.3% from 2015 to 2025. From 2020 to 2025, the index increased by 46.6%. From 2024 to 2025, the index increased by 4.6%.

2015

+80.3%

From 2015 to 2025, the FHFA annual all-transactions index for Clay County increased by 80.3%.

From 2015 to 2025, the average change in each year is +6.1%, compounded.

Same span at each level: 2015 to 2025
AreaChangeBar
Clay County+80.3%
Vermillion, SD+80.3%
South Dakota+84.7%
United States+85.0%
Clay County FHFA annual all-transactions index, 100 in 1992
  • Clay County
  • United States, set to the same start
  • Recession (NBER dates)
  • Your span
Index values for each year
FHFA annual all-transactions index for Clay County, 1992 to 2025
YearIndexChange from the year before
2025370.52+4.6%
2024354.09+5.7%
2023335.09+3.6%
2022323.47+15.2%
2021280.86+11.1%
2020252.77+3.6%
2019244.10+3.1%
2018236.68+7.2%
2017220.69+1.8%
2016216.76+5.5%
2015205.53+5.1%
2014195.47−2.6%
2013200.64+5.7%
2012189.75+1.4%
2011187.07−0.1%
2010187.21+1.8%
2009183.87−2.4%
2008188.47+2.1%
2007184.51+5.4%
2006175.03+5.3%
2005166.17+11.7%
2004148.71+2.9%
2003144.520.0%
2002144.59+2.6%
2001140.88+3.0%
2000136.81+5.6%
1999129.56+5.0%
1998123.44+0.9%
1997122.33+2.0%
1996119.93+3.1%
1995116.32+5.5%
1994110.30+6.0%
1993104.10+4.1%
1992100.00n/a

Each figure is the change of the FHFA annual all-transactions index, from the year that you pick to 2025. It is a change for the area. It is not the change in the value of your home, and it does not use the price that you paid.

The average for each year is a compounded annual change. The guide to values explains more.

When using the FHFA House Price Calculator, please note that it does not project the actual value of any particular house.

FHFA, about its own House Price Calculator: Federal Housing Finance Agency, House Price Index Datasets, HPI Calculator, copied on . The calculator of FHFA uses quarterly figures. For the states and the 100 largest metro areas it uses the purchase-only index. Its figures can differ from the figures here.

Since the last FHFA release

No recorded FHFA release changed a figure of Clay County. The record of releases starts with the next FHFA release. FHFA releases recorded by this site

Same span, every level

Change in the FHFA annual index to 2025: Clay County and the areas above it
Area1 year2024 to 20255 years2020 to 202510 years2015 to 202520 years2005 to 2025Since 20002000 to 2025Each yearaverage of 10 years
Clay County+4.6%+46.6%+80.3%+123.0%+170.8%+6.1%
Vermillion, SD+4.6%+46.6%+80.3%+123.0%+170.8%+6.1%
South Dakota+3.1%+49.5%+84.7%+125.7%+181.4%+6.3%
United States+2.8%+47.0%+85.0%+79.1%+158.3%+6.3%

Each row uses FHFA's annual all-transactions index and the same two years. "n/a": the area has no index value for one of the two years.

Drawdowns

A drawdown is a decline of 5% or more of the annual index from a peak.

The annual index of Clay County has no decline of 5% or more from a peak.

Decade by decade

Change in the index of Clay County in each decade
DecadeChangeUnited StatesBar
2000s2000 to 2010+36.8%+29.7%
2010s2010 to 2020+35.0%+35.5%
2020s so far2020 to 2025+46.6%+47.0%

The index is 100 in the first year with a value for the area (1992 here). The change in a decade is the index at the end of the decade divided by the index at the start. The base year has no effect on it.

Building permits

In the 12 months to August 2026, building permits in Clay County authorized 31 housing units. That is 2.1 units for each 1,000 residents.

Housing units authorized by month, latest 60 months
  • Units in buildings with 1 unit
  • Units in buildings with 2 or more units
Units for each month
Housing units authorized by building permits in Clay County, by month, Sep 2021 to Aug 2026
MonthAll units1 unit2 or more units
Aug 2026220
Jul 2026725
Jun 2026330
May 2026330
Apr 2026202
Mar 2026330
Feb 2026220
Jan 2026505
Dec 2025220
Nov 2025110
Oct 2025110
Sep 2025000
Aug 2025000
Jul 2025110
Jun 2025000
May 2025220
Apr 2025835
Mar 2025110
Feb 2025110
Jan 2025220
Dec 2024615
Nov 2024835
Oct 2024000
Sep 2024220
Aug 2024615
Jul 2024220
Jun 2024110
May 2024440
Apr 2024220
Mar 2024330
Feb 2024110
Jan 2024000
Dec 2023000
Nov 20231248
Oct 2023110
Sep 2023220
Aug 2023000
Jul 2023110
Jun 2023110
May 2023330
Apr 2023440
Mar 2023918
Feb 2023000
Jan 2023110
Dec 2022000
Nov 2022000
Oct 2022000
Sep 2022000
Aug 2022550
Jul 2022110
Jun 2022110
May 2022550
Apr 2022220
Mar 2022550
Feb 2022440
Jan 2022440
Dec 2021000
Nov 2021000
Oct 2021000
Sep 2021000
Housing units authorized by year, 1995 to 2025
  • Units in buildings with 1 unit
  • Units in buildings with 2 or more units
Units for each year
Housing units authorized by building permits in Clay County, by year, 1995 to 2025
YearAll units1 unit2 or more units
202521165
2024281810
2023331716
202228280
202133330
2020702644
201927270
201827330243
201740364
201646388
2015742450
2014482028
2013482424
2012702446
2011481830
2010402020
2009382018
2008492920
2007764234
2006883949
2005463511
2004973166
200324240
200231310
2001613130
200049418
199932248
199825250
199729290
199623230
199527270
Building permits in the 12 months to August 2026: Clay County, the state and the nation
FigureClay CountySouth DakotaUnited States
Housing units authorized315,9731,418,086
Units for each 1,000 residents2.16.44.1
Share in buildings with 1 unit61%54%63%
Change from the 12 months before0.0%+5.1%−0.1%
Units authorized from 19951,622153,23643,082,761

A permit authorizes construction. It does not show that the work started or that it is complete. Residents: Census Bureau estimate for 2025.

ZIP Codes in Clay County

ZIP Codes of Clay County with an FHFA index, in ZIP Code order
ZIP CodePlace1 year5 years10 yearsNewest year
57069Vermillion+4.0%+47.9%+81.0%2025

Each change ends in the newest year of that ZIP Code's index. All ZIP Codes of Clay County as a CSV file

Cities and towns with building permits

Places in Clay County with a page, by name: housing units authorized in the 12 months to August 2026
PlaceUnitsFor each 1,000 residentsIn buildings with 1 unit
Clay County Unincorporated Area13n/a85%
Vermillion171.541%

Median home value of the area, ACS 2020-2024

The American Community Survey (ACS) asks owners what their home would sell for. The table gives the middle of these answers for each area, over the 5 years 2020-2024. It is an estimate for the area. It is not the value of one home and it is not an FHFA figure.

Median value of owner-occupied housing units, Clay County and the areas above it: ACS 5-year estimate 2020-2024, with margin of error
AreaMedian valueMargin of error
Clay County$232,300±$23,314
South Dakota$257,400±$3,051
United States$332,700±$236

Source: US Census Bureau, American Community Survey 5-year estimates 2020-2024, table B25077.

The Census Bureau defines the value: Value is the respondent's estimate of how much the property (house and lot, mobile home and lot (if lot owned), or condominium unit) would sell for if it were for sale.

It says about the margin of error: The MOEs for published ACS estimates are provided at a 90 percent confidence level. A value of "$2,000,000 or more" is the top group, with no margin. See the glossary. The site copied these texts on .

Agency pages

Each link loaded on .

Cite this page

Home Value Trail. Clay County, SD home price history. https://homevaluetrail.com/county/sd/clay/. Source: Federal Housing Finance Agency, annual house price index for counties (developmental); US Census Bureau, Building Permits Survey. FHFA release of .

Where the figures come from

Index
FHFA annual house price index for counties, all transactions, 1992 to 2025. Release of March 31, 2026.
Other levels
FHFA annual indexes for CBSAs, states and the United States, from the same release.
Building permits
US Census Bureau, Building Permits Survey, county and place files through August 2026.
Residents
US Census Bureau, population estimates for 2025.
ZIP Codes and metro area
US Census Bureau, 2020 ZCTA to county relationship file, and the OMB delineation of July 2023.
Median value
US Census Bureau, American Community Survey 5-year estimates 2020-2024, table B25077.

All files are works of the US government, in the public domain. To report an error, see Corrections.

Questions

Which years had the largest changes in the index for Clay County?
The largest increase in one year was 15.2%, from 2021 to 2022. The largest decrease in one year was 2.6%, from 2013 to 2014.
How did the index for Clay County change over 20 years?
From 2005 to 2025, the index for Clay County increased by 123.0%. In the same years, the index for the Vermillion, SD area increased by 123.0%. In the same years, the index for South Dakota increased by 125.7%. In the same years, the index for the United States increased by 79.1%.
What is the highest value of the index for Clay County?
The index is 100 in 1992, the first year with a value for this area. The highest annual value is 370.52, in 2025.
How many ZIP Codes and cities of Clay County have a page?
1 ZIP Code of the county has an FHFA index and a page. 2 places with building permits have a page.